Python错误集锦:pyplot.hist()绘制直方图时提示:ValueError: x must have 2 or fewer dimensions

原文链接:http://www.juzicode.com/archives/3139

错误提示:

pyplot.hist()绘制直方图时提示:ValueError: x must have 2 or fewer dimensions

#juzicode.com,#VX:桔子code
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rc('font',family='Youyuan',size='9')
plt.rc('axes',unicode_minus='False')

a = np.random.randn(2000,2,3)
print('a.shape=',a.shape)
plt.hist(a,bins=50)
plt.title('正态分布 by桔子code')
plt.show()
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-60-e1963ebdf16f> in <module>
      7 a = np.random.randn(2000,2,3)
      8 print('a.shape=',a.shape)
----> 9 plt.hist(a,bins=50)
     10 plt.title('正态分布 by桔子code')
     11 plt.show()

d:\python\python38\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py in hist(x, bins, range, density, weights, cumulative, bottom, histtype, align, orientation, rwidth, log, color, label, stacked, data, **kwargs)
   2683         orientation='vertical', rwidth=None, log=False, color=None,
   2684         label=None, stacked=False, *, data=None, **kwargs):
-> 2685     return gca().hist(
   2686         x, bins=bins, range=range, density=density, weights=weights,
   2687         cumulative=cumulative, bottom=bottom, histtype=histtype,

d:\python\python38\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\__init__.py in inner(ax, data, *args, **kwargs)
   1445     def inner(ax, *args, data=None, **kwargs):
   1446         if data is None:
-> 1447             return func(ax, *map(sanitize_sequence, args), **kwargs)
   1448 
   1449         bound = new_sig.bind(ax, *args, **kwargs)

d:\python\python38\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes\_axes.py in hist(self, x, bins, range, density, weights, cumulative, bottom, histtype, align, orientation, rwidth, log, color, label, stacked, **kwargs)
   6569 
   6570         # Massage 'x' for processing.
-> 6571         x = cbook._reshape_2D(x, 'x')
   6572         nx = len(x)  # number of datasets
   6573 

d:\python\python38\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\cbook\__init__.py in _reshape_2D(X, name)
   1370             return [np.reshape(x, -1) for x in X]
   1371         else:
-> 1372             raise ValueError(f'{name} must have 2 or fewer dimensions')
   1373 
   1374     # Iterate over list of iterables.

ValueError: x must have 2 or fewer dimensions

错误原因:

1、pyplot.hist()传入的numpy数组维数不能大于2。

解决方法:

1、a = np.random.randn(2000,2,3)构造的数组是3维的,将第3维拆分,这个例子中第3维的数值为3,可以拆分为3个二维数组:

#juzicode.com,#VX:桔子code
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rc('font',family='Youyuan',size='9')
plt.rc('axes',unicode_minus='False')

a = np.random.randn(2000,2,3)
print('a.shape=',a.shape)
plt.subplots_adjust(wspace=0.2, hspace=0.5)
plt.subplot(221)
plt.title('a[:,:,0]')
plt.hist(a[:,:,0],bins=50) 
plt.subplot(222)
plt.title('a[:,:,1]')
plt.hist(a[:,:,1],bins=50) 
plt.subplot(223)
plt.title('a[:,:,2]')
plt.hist(a[:,:,2],bins=50) 
plt.show()

相关阅读:

数据可视化~matplotlib基本绘图方法
数据可视化~matplotlib显示多个子图 

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